Sunflower Plate Feed Pellet Machine: How to Process Sunflower Meal and Sunflower Stalk Into Feed Pellets for Cattle Sheep Pigs and Poultry

Sunflower husk pellet machine is a piece of pelleting equipment developed by Richi Machinery, which uses sunflower plates, sunflower stalks, sunflower stems, and sunflower seed shells as the main raw materials. These raw materials are mainly processed into factory feed to feed cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens. How to process sunflower meal and sunflower stalk into feed pellets for cattle sheep pigs and chicken? If it is a small output, you may need a feed pellet machine; if it is a large output, you need a feed pellet production line equipment.

1. How to Process Sunflower Meal and Sunflower Stalk Into Feed Pellets for Cattle Sheep Pigs and Poultry

1.1 Drying and smashing

Sunflower trays are naturally dried in the sun and crushed into dry powder to be added to the ration to feed livestock. It is currently the main way to use sunflower trays in the Hetao area of Inner Mongolia. In the Hetao area of Inner Mongolia, there is a lot of rain during the harvest season of sunflower disks, which is prone to mildew, so the drying time should be shortened as much as possible. In the experiment, the whole threshing sunflower disc was broken into 30-50mm block sunflower discs, and 5-20mm small sunflower discs were broken into small pieces of sunflower discs. They were dried on a dry ground and turned over once every 1h. It was concluded that it would take 10h to dry to 40% dehydration. Above, it takes 4.5h for 30-50mm fragments and 1.5h for 5-20mm segments. It can be seen that it takes the longest time to dry the whole plate and is greatly affected by weather conditions. It is easy to mold and deteriorate, and the time required for drying in a small section of 5-20mm is the shortest, which can minimize the occurrence of mildew.

1.2 Making pellet feed

Crush the fresh threshing sunflower disk to 5-20mm segments, dry to 40% dehydration (this moisture has better granulation effect, and the pellets are not easy to loose), mix with dry feed, crush, pellet, and air Dry until the moisture content is below 11%. The pellet feed prepared by this method can shorten the drying time of the sunflower tray, reduce the chance of mold deterioration and improve the palatability. In the processing and granulation process, it has the effect of puffing, heating and drying. After the material is discharged, it only needs to be spread and aired, which can reduce the moisture to below 11%. The research results show that the amount of sunflower plate added during processing and granulation should not exceed 35%, otherwise it will be difficult to shape the particles due to excessive addition, and they will be fragile and difficult to spread after molding.

1.3 Making silage

Chopped fresh sunflower trays and adding 2% to 5% sucrose for single storage, or mixing fresh sunflower trays with corn stalks at a ratio of less than 40% can achieve better results. Single-storage sunflower tray has a crisp texture, light yellow color, with tartaric acid and original sunflower tray flavor. The oxidized surface becomes darker, softer, and not easy to mold; mixed silage has clear boundaries, soft texture and fresh color , With the sour taste of aromatic wine, in the production, the sunflower plate silage and hay are used to feed cows and sheep. Li Maoyi and others mixed 60% corn stalks and 40% sunflower silage, and found that the crude protein content in the silage was 11.5%, the crude fat was 8.4%, and the acid detergent fiber was 34.5%, which were higher than those of corn stalk silage alone. 8.0%, 2.1%, 2.7% of In recent years, the Hetao area of Inner Mongolia has carried out experimental research, demonstration and promotion of the mixed silage technology of sunflower tray and corn stalks, studied the effect of adding different proportions of mixed silage of sunflower tray, and demonstrated it in large-scale mutton farms.

1.4 Production of composite biological protein feed

Gong Ren uses microbial multi-strain solid fermentation sunflower discs to produce biological protein feed, and inoculates Candida utilis, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger in a ratio of 1:1:2:1. 1.5% of the inoculum was added to the solid fermentation medium and fermented for 48 hours. The crude protein content in the produced biological protein feed was significantly increased, and the crude fiber and crude ash content were reduced (Table 3), which significantly improved the nutritional structure and palatability of the raw materials , The fermentation product has sweet and sour taste and wine aroma. Li Maoyi and others used a composite microbial agent composed of Candida utilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma konsi to ferment sunflower discs to produce biological protein feed and also achieved similar results. The use of composite microbial agents to ferment sunflower discs has a simple process and large processing capacity. The products produced have high nutritional value and good palatability, can provide beneficial flora for animal intestines, improve the gastrointestinal environment, and can also solve the environmental pollution and resource waste of waste sunflower disks. It is worthy of regional research and promotion.

Table 3 Comparison of the nutrient content between the fermented products of sunflower plate and sunflower plate (%)

ingredient	Crude protein	Crude fat	Crude fiber	Crude ash
Sunflower plate	8.31	2.68	12.40	11.92
Fermented Sunflower Plate	15.17	2.57	9.16	8.64

2. Sunflower Nutrient Composition Analysis

2.1 Analysis of the nutrient composition of the sunflower plate

The nutrient composition of the threshing sunflower plate is different due to its variety and harvest time. As a nutrient-rich feed material, it generally contains 7%-9% crude protein, 6.5%-10.5% crude fat, 43.9% nitrogen-free extract, 17.7% crude fiber, and 10.1% crude ash, among which crude protein and nitrogen-free The extract content is comparable to grain, and it is the most nutritious part of sunflower plants except sunflower seeds. In addition, the sunflower plate also contains 2.4% to 3.0% pectin and more fructose. Pectin is a complex polysaccharide with rich nutrition and very suitable for animal feed. Fructose can improve the palatability of the sunflower plate. The results of Zhang Runhou and others showed that the nutrient content in sunflower trays exceeds that of green hay but is lower than that of alfalfa hay. See Table 1 for the comparison of conventional nutrient components of sunflower pan, green hay and alfalfa hay in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.

Table 1 Comparison of conventional nutrient components of sunflower discs, green hay and alfalfa hay in Hetao region of Inner Mongolia (%)

ingredient	Dry matter	Crude protein	Crude fat	Crude fiber	Crude ash	Nitrogen-free extract	calcium	phosphorus
Sunflower plate	91.38	8.31	2.68	12.40	11.92	43.90	1.41	0.51
Green hay	91.40	6.20	2.50	30.50	5.90	46.30
Alfalfa Hay	88.20	22.50	1.30	28.30	9.00	27.10	1.26	0.25

2.2 Analysis of the nutritional components of sunflower meal

The nutrient content of sunflower meal varies due to the different oil extraction processes. Generally, its energy value can reach 20.64; crude protein is 32.43%, and the content of lysine and tryptophan in amino acids is low, which are 47.0% and 35.5% lower than soybean meal, respectively. The content of methionine and cystine are 53.0% and 41.7% higher than that of soybean meal, respectively; it contains 5.96% of crude fat, and the content of linoleic acid and oleic acid is higher in the fatty acid composition, which are 67.35% and 9.28% respectively. Sunflower meal has good palatability and high nutritional value. It is a good concentrated feed protein supplement for ruminants.

Sunflower Pan and Sunflower Stalk
Sunflower Plateand Sunflower Stalk

2.3 Analysis of the nutritional components of sunflower stalks and sunflower seed hulls

The crude fat content in sunflower stalks and sunflower seed hulls are 1.08% and 0.56%, respectively; the crude protein content is 1.85% and 3.36%, respectively, which is lower than the crude protein in corn stalk and wheat stalk The content of crude fiber, especially the content of lignin, is higher than that of corn stover and wheat stover. It can be seen that sunflower stalks and sunflower seed hulls have low nutritional value and poor digestibility. After crushing, they are not suitable for large-scale use in aquaculture, but their nutritional value can be improved by microbial fermentation. The comparison of the conventional nutrient components of sunflower stalks, sunflower seed husks, corn stalks and wheat stalks in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Comparison of conventional nutrient components of sunflower stalks, sunflower seed husks, corn stalks and wheat stalks in Hetao region of Inner Mongolia (%)

ingredient	Dry matter	Crude protein	Crude fat	Crude ash	calcium	phosphorus	Neutral detergent fiber	Acid detergent fiber	Lignin
Sunflower stalk	3.46	1.85	0.56	3.47	0.41	0.03	72.71	58.77	20.90
Sunflower Seed Bark	90.71	3.36	0.56	3.47	0.41	0.03	72.71	58.77	20.90
Corn stalks	94.58	4.55	0.55	8.04	0.43	0.06	49.60	36.09	4.02
Wheat straw	93.45	6.14	1.05	10.33	0.46	0.10	57.01	35.84	5.21

2.4 Parameters of Sunflower Seed Shell Pellet Granulator

Model	Capacity(TPH)	Main Motor Power(kw)	Feeder Motor Power(kw)	Conditioner Power(kw)	Dia.of Ring Die(mm)	Final Pellet(mm)
SZLH250	1-2	22	0.75	1.5	250	2~12
SZLH320	3-4	37	1.5	2.2	320	2~12
SZLH350	5-7	55	1.5	3	350	2~12
SZLH420	8-12	110	1.5	7.5	420	2~12
SZLH508	10-18	160	2.2	11	508	2~12
SZLH558	15-25	180/200	2.2	11	558	2~12
SZLH558D	14-22	160/180/200	1.5	7.5	558	2~18
SZLH678	20-30	220/250	2.2	11	678	2~12
SZLH678D	15-25	200/220/250	2.2	11	673	2~18
SZLH768	25-40	280/315	2.2	11	768	2~12
SLZH858	25-42	280/315	2.2	15	858	2~18

2.5 Features of Feed Pellet Process Producing Plant Feed Pellet Machine

1.High driving torque, steady transimmison, main shaft long service life, brief structure, easy maintenance and low maintenance cost.
2.The support sleeve of main shaft and main case is lined with brass bush to prevent occlusion and is easy to dissassembly.
3.Ring die feed pellet mill adopts automatic grease adding system.
4.Gear driving system, with good transmission rate, stable and reliable performance and low noise.
5.The key components are imported to ensure longer service life and lower cost for maintenance.
6.Raw material contacting parts are made by stainless steel.